Treatment for anal cancer depends on how big the cancer is and whether it has spread. Non-surgical treatments available include a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemoradiation).The treatments may be given to you at the same time or following one another. Chemotherapy uses medicines to destroy cancer cells while radiotherapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells. Occasionally internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy) may be used, and involves your doctor temporarily placing radioactive wires in the area of the cancer.
Attribution: BUPA