Surgical options of treating kidney stones include: ureteroscopic stone removal. If the stone is lodged in the ureter, your surgeon will pass a narrow flexible instrument called a cystoscope up through your urethra and your bladder. Your urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the penis/vulva. A laser beam or shock waves generated by a device attached at the end of the cystoscope removes or breaks up the stone. This procedure is usually done under a general anaesthetic.
Attribution: BUPA