Kidney failure develops over a long period of time. Common causes of kidney failure include diabetes, high blood pressure, problems affecting the flow of blood to the kidneys(like dehydration), problems affecting the movement of urine out of the kidneys, severe heart failure, bladder cancer and kidney stones. Problems with the kidneys that prevent proper filtration of blood or production of urine due to injury to kidney tissue and cells can also cause kidney failure.
Attribution: Straight Talk Foundation